Decoding the 73 Sects in Islam with a Twist!

Decoding the 73 Sects in Islam with a Twist! The diversity within Islam is reflected in the presence of 73 different sects. These sects vary in their beliefs, practices, and interpretations of Islamic teachings. Understanding the nuances and differences among the  73 sects in Islam sects can provide a deeper insight into the many dimensions of the Islamic faith.

Key Takeaways:

• There are 73 different sects within Islam, each with its own distinct beliefs and practices.
• The major sects in Islam include Sunni, Shia, Sufi, Ahmadiyya, and Barelvi.
• Singapore’s Muslim population is diverse and includes followers of various Islamic sects.
• Respecting the diversity of Islamic sects contributes to a deeper understanding of the Islamic world.
• The right sect, if we want to follow is within ourselves.

The Origins of Sects in Islam

The diversity of sects within Islam has its roots in the historical development of the religion. These sects emerged as a result of various theological and political differences throughout the centuries.

One of the major splits occurred after the death of Prophet Muhammad, marking a significant turning point in Islamic history. Disagreements surrounding the successor to the Prophet led to the formation of two major sects: Sunni and Shia.

The Sunni sect, which comprises the majority of Muslims globally, follows the path of the Prophet’s companions and emphasizes the importance of consensus in matters of faith and governance.

On the other hand, the Shia sect emerged from a belief in the divinely ordained leadership of Prophet Muhammad’s descendants. Shias recognize Ali, the Prophet’s cousin and son-in-law, as his rightful successor.

Over time, additional sects within Islam developed, each with its own distinct beliefs, practices, and interpretations. Sufism, for example, is a mystical branch of Islam that focuses on seeking a deeper spiritual connection with Allah. Ahmadiyyas, on the other hand, believe in the later-day advent of a Messiah and the prophethood of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad.

To provide a comprehensive understanding of the different Islamic sects, let’s take a closer look at their origins, beliefs, and practices. The table below summarizes the major sects in Islam:

Sunni Sects: Exploring the Majority

Major Sunni Sects

There are four major Sunni sects that hold significant influence and follow distinctive schools of thought and jurisprudence:

1. Hanafi: Named after the scholar Abu Hanifa, the Hanafi school is the oldest, most widespread, and liberal sub-sect in Sunni Islam. The Hanafi sect is known for its emphasis on reason and interpretation, and it is widely followed in countries such as Turkey, Pakistan, and Egypt.
2. Maliki: Founded by Imam Malik ibn Anas, the Maliki school is prevalent in North and West Africa. The Maliki sect places importance on the customs and practices of the people of Medina and is known for its adherence to tradition.
3. Shafi’i: Named after Imam al-Shafi’i, the Shafi’i school is influential in Southeast Asia, including countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. The Shafi’i sect emphasizes both reason and tradition, aiming to strike a balance between the two.
4. Hanbali: Founded by Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, the Hanbali school is followed by a relatively smaller number of Muslims, largely in Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries. The Hanbali sect is known for its strict adherence to textual interpretations and reliance on the Quran and Hadith.

While these major Sunni sects share core beliefs and principles, variations in legal practices and school affiliations contribute to the diverse landscape of Sunni Islam.

Shia Sects: Examining the Minority

Shia Islam, although representing a minority within the Islamic faith, is a religion that encompasses several sub-sects. These sub-sects within Shia Islam have their own distinct theological beliefs, rituals, and practices. The major Shia sects include the Twelvers, Ismailis, and Zaidis.

The Twelvers, also known as Ithna Asharis, are the largest Shia sect and believe in the twelve Imams as the rightful successors of Prophet Muhammad. They place the highest religious authority in these Imams, believing them to be sinless and divinely appointed.

The Ismailis, led by the Aga Khan, emphasize the spiritual interpretation of Islam. They believe in the authority of the Imams and the importance of the esoteric understanding of the faith. Ismailis are known for their contributions to arts, culture, and academia.

The Zaidis follow the teachings of Zaid ibn Ali, the son of Imam Ali. They believe that the Imamate should be based on merit and that the rightful leader should possess both religious and political authority.

Each of these Shia sects has a unique religious identity and plays a significant role in the diverse tapestry of Islam. The following table summarizes the major Shia sects:

Sufi Sects: Mystical Paths within Islam

Sufism, a mystical branch of Islam, is characterized by its emphasis on seeking a deeper spiritual connection with Allah. Within Sufism, there are several sects, each offering a unique approach to spiritual practices and teachings.

One prominent Sufi sect is the Naqshbandis. Known for their focus on silent remembrance of Allah (zikr), the Naqshbandis believe in the importance of inward reflection and meditation to attain spiritual enlightenment.

Another notable sect is the Qadiris, who place great emphasis on spiritual guides and the transmission of knowledge through a spiritual lineage. They believe that a spiritual guide, known as a sheikh, is essential for spiritual growth and guidance.

Similarly, the Chishtis are known for their emphasis on love, devotion, and humility as means of attaining spiritual enlightenment. They are often recognized for their poetry and music, which are used as tools for spiritual awakening.

To understand the differences and nuances between these Sufi sects, refer to the table below:

Ahmadiyya Sects: A Unique Interpretation

The Ahmadiyya sects in Islam is a relatively recent development within Islam and offers a distinctive perspective on the faith. One of the defining beliefs of the Ahmadiyya sect is its belief in the later-day advent of a Messiah. This sets it apart from other Islamic sects and contributes to its unique interpretation of Islam.

The Ahmadiyya sect is divided into different groups, each with its own theological differences and variations in practices. Two prominent groups within the Ahmadiyya sect are the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community and the Lahori Ahmadiyya Movement. While these groups may have theological disparities, they share a common belief in the prophethood of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad.

The Lahori Ahmadiyya Movement

The Lahori Ahmadiyya Movement is a smaller group within the Ahmadiyya sect, which split from the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in 1914. The split was primarily due to theological differences regarding the interpretation of religious prophecies and the status of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad.

The Lahori Ahmadiyya Movement, also known as the Ahmadiyya Anjuman Isha’at-e-Islam Lahore, maintains a separate organizational structure and focuses on scholarly research and publishing Islamic literature. They advocate for the propagation of the peaceful teachings of Islam.

Barelvi Sects: Embracing Sufi Traditions

The Barelvi sects in Islam sect is a branch of Sunni Islam that emphasizes devotion to the Prophet Muhammad and the veneration of saints. Barelvi Muslims follow the teachings of Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi and have a strong focus on Islamic rituals and traditions. While there are no formal sub-sects within Barelvi Islam, there may be varying degrees of adherence to specific practices and beliefs.

Despite the absence of formal sub-sects, Barelvi Muslims exhibit a spectrum of practices and beliefs that reflect their interpretation of Sufi traditions. These include frequent recitation of naats (devotional poetry), engagement in qawwali (Sufi music), and the celebration of the Prophet Muhammad’s birth. The emphasis on the veneration of saints and the seeking of spiritual blessings (barakah) through their intercession is a defining characteristic of Barelvi Islam.

Barelvi Sects: Key Features and Practices

Minority and Lesser-Known Different Sects in Islam

In addition to the major sects mentioned above, there are several lesser-known and minority sects within Islam. These include the Druze, Ahl-e Haqq, Alawites, and Bahá’í, each with their own unique beliefs and practices. While these sects may not have large followings, they contribute to the diverse tapestry of Islamic traditions.

One such lesser-known sect is the Druze. The Druze community originated in the 11th century and is concentrated in Lebanon, Syria, and Israel. They consider themselves an entirely separate religious group with their own distinct beliefs and practices. The Druze religion incorporates elements from various religions, including Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.

The Ahl-e Haqq, also known as Yarsanism, is a lesser-known sect concentrated mainly in Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. They believe in the existence of a universal divine essence and venerate the Seven Great Angels. The Ahl-e Haqq have faced persecution throughout history due to their unique practices and beliefs.

The Alawites, primarily found in Syria, Turkey, and Lebanon, follow a syncretic blend of Islam, Christianity, and local traditions. They have a distinct religious hierarchy and engage in secretive rituals and ceremonies.

The Bahá’í Faith, although not traditionally considered a sect of Islam, emerged in the 19th century in Iran. Bahá’ís believe in the unity of all religions and the progressive revelation of God through a series of prophets, including Bahá’u’lláh. Bahá’ís face significant persecution in certain countries, most notably Iran.

The Complexity of Interactions

It is important to acknowledge that interactions among Islamic sects are complex, influenced by a multitude of factors, including historical events, socio-political contexts, and individual perspectives. These interactions are not static and can evolve over time, influenced by changing circumstances and attitudes.

Moreover, it is crucial to approach the topic with sensitivity and respect, recognizing that the experiences and narratives of individuals within each sect may vary. While generalizations can provide a broad understanding, it is essential to engage with the nuances and specificities of each sect’s beliefs, practices, and historical contexts.

Islamic Sects in Singapore

Singapore is a multicultural and multi-religious society that embraces diversity. This inclusivity is reflected in the vibrant Muslim community, which consists of various Islamic sects. In Singapore, you can find Sunni, Shia, and Sufi communities, each with their unique traditions and practices.

The presence of these different sects in Singapore is a testament to the country’s commitment to religious freedom and tolerance. Muslims from different sects coexist peacefully, fostering a sense of unity and understanding.

The Sunni Muslim community is the largest in Singapore, representing the majority of Muslims in the country. They follow the traditions and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, adhering to the principles of the four major Sunni schools of thought – Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i, and Hanbali.

The Shia Muslim community, although smaller in size, also plays a significant role in the religious landscape of Singapore. They follow the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad’s family, particularly the twelve Imams, and have their distinct practices and rituals.

In addition to Sunni and Shia communities, Singapore is also home to various Sufi sects. Sufism is a mystical branch of Islam that emphasizes the inner spiritual experience and connection with Allah. Sufis in Singapore engage in devotional practices such as dhikr (remembrance of God) and seek spiritual guidance from Sufi masters.

Islamic Sects in Singapore

Only ONE will survive out of the 73 sects!

More than 1400 years ago, the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) made a prophecy that said,

“My people will be divided into 73 sections, all of them will be in the fire except one.” The companions asked, ‘Who are they O Messenger of Allah,’ Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) said, “They are those who will be like me and my companions.” (Trimizi, Kitabul Eeman).

Because of their strict adherence to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and his companions, Salafis are often considered to be purists. However, this also means that they are often seen as being bigoted and intolerant of other Muslims who do not follow their views.

So, which  73 sects in Islam is the lucky one to make it to Haven?

So, which one of the 73 different sects in Islam Is the lucky one to make it to heaven? Every follower of each sect will claim theirs. Every sect has its own reasons to justify that they are the chosen ones. The front runner could be the Salafists as they strictly follow the Quran and Sunnah, but is it so? Even among them, there has been a blaming game. Could it be the Shias? But they have disregarded the key Sahabas. How about the Sufis? Well, their practices seem out of this world. It becomes confusing right now for a layman. How am I going to find the straight path? I mean, it is fair for the Almighty to grant us the right path, as we daily make dua in obligatory prayers. One in Al-Fateh and the other, according to Jami At-Tirmidhi Hadith 284, narrated by Ibn Abbas: ‘Between the two prostrations, the Prophet would say: Allahummaghfirli, warhamni, wajburni, wahdini, warzuqni,’ translates to, ‘O Allah! Pardon me, have mercy on me, help me, guide me, and grant me sustenance.’ So, aren’t we to be guided, especially to the right path? Many of us should already be on the right path, which means in the right sect that leads to paradise, right? So why did our Prophet say only one sect will enter?”

In Judaism, individuals seek spiritual growth and connection with God through the study of the Torah, prayer, ethical living, acts of charity (Tzedakah), and the observance of mitzvot (commandments). While the concept of enlightenment may not have a direct parallel in Jewish theology, the focus lies on a continuous journey of learning and living in accordance with God’s guidance.

Buddhists strive for enlightenment, or Nirvana, through the Noble Eightfold Path. This path involves cultivating right understanding, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. Practices such as meditation, mindfulness, and ethical living contribute to the gradual journey toward enlightenment, emphasizing an understanding of suffering and its cessation as outlined in the Four Noble Truths.

Hinduism offers multiple paths, known as Yogas, for individuals to attain enlightenment or Moksha. The four main paths include Jnana Yoga (Knowledge), Bhakti Yoga (Devotion), Karma Yoga (Selfless Action), and Raja Yoga (Meditation and Control). Each path caters to different aspects of an individual’s nature and disposition, providing flexibility in the pursuit of spiritual growth. Ultimately, the goal is to achieve liberation from the cycle of birth and death by realizing one’s true nature, often identified as the divine.

Looking at the three faiths, the common goals are enlightenment, spiritual growth, and God’s guidance. So, which of these needs do all the Islamic sects have? Essentially, all share these goals in reaching the annihilation of our ego and worldly love on the path to attaining Allah’s pleasure and mercy.

The sect mentioned by our Prophet is likely the individual’s connection or link built throughout life to get closer to Allah. Following obligatory and optional rituals tightly, ensuring discipline in controlling the mind and tongue, constant remembrance of Allah and the Prophet (s.a.w), and finding fault in oneself rather than others are crucial. These individuals who have created a link or connection share one goal: to reach the Almighty by staying on the right path.

This sect comprises individuals with the mindset to engage in Jihad within themselves every minute to be on the path to Allah. They focus on following our Prophet and are afraid of being praised, even of an atom’s size.

So, dear readers, we should not be arguing about which sect could be the ONE! The above examples of sects are not exhaustive, and there are others. From following different imams to depending on the Quran and Sunnah without adequate understanding, many of us are misled by our nafs or egos. The moment you get agitated when your very own Islamic views are debated, you might have just stepped outside the right path, as your ego has taken over and displaced you. Those who wish to be in the right sect should stop finding fault in others and convert their inner selves to get a connection with Allah. Thus, such individuals should form the sect that would probably be going to Paradise. 

If you think otherwise, please give your opinion! Thanks!

Source Links

• https://www.academia.edu/51358349/The_Changing_Landscapes_of_Cross_Faith_Places_and_Practices
• 73 Sects in the Muslim Ummah and Only One will go to Jannah
• Hypocrisy Within Me! A Muslim Perspective